Bisque Firing Temperature Ceramic Cone Chart

Generally bisque firing is done between cone 08 and cone 04 no matter what the maturation temperature of the clay and of the glazes that will be used later.

Bisque firing temperature ceramic cone chart.

To cone 02 approx. In the past this was mainly due to limitations in kiln technology. Ware and glaze types. Mid fire earthenware should be fired between cone 2 and cone 7.

Temperature equivalent chart for orton cones cone 022 14 pyrometric cones have been used to monitor ceramic firings for more than 100 years. Low fire white terra cotta is generally bisque fired at cone 02 to 1. Yellow yellow orange orange red orange cherry red dull red dark red dull red glow black firing converts ceramic work. Pottery and ceramic firing chart fact 1.

This means that it must be baked in a special furnace called a kiln to a minimum temperature of about 1112 f. In low fire the bisque temperature is usually hotter than the firing temperature. Sometimes doing their first fire as low as 010. What temperature should a bisque firing go to.

A body clay with underglaze can be bisque fired at cone 4 to 6 then have a low fire glaze firing at cone 06 to 04. Kiln firing chart temperature c f 1400 2552 1300 2372 1200 2192 1100 2012 1000 1832 900 0111652 800 1472 700 0191292 600 1112 500 932 400 752 300 572 200 392 100 212 cone approx 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 01 02 03. From this position as long as you are bisque firing slowly cone 04 is an optimal temperature to bisque fire. For mid range material a kiln should be firing at a temperature between 2124 and 2264 1162 1240.

Stoneware glaze some decals fire to cone 10. This is the most common temperature range for industrial ceramics. 2048 f 1120 c the low fire range has historically been the most commonly used firing range. However low fire temperatures allow potters to use a variety of colorants that either burn off or become unstable at higher temperatures.

They are useful in determining when a firing is complete if the kiln provided enough heat if there was a temperature difference in the kiln or if a problem occured during the firing. For example most commercial glazes recommend bisque firing to cone 04 and glaze firing to cone 06 which is cooler. Raku clay is usually bisque fired to cone 04 to 1 clays that are to have crystalline glazes should be bisque fired slightly higher than normal i e. Mostly yellow with a hint of orange.

However as stated above other potters choose to bisque fire at other temperatures. To become hard and glass like clay must be fired. By cone 08 the ware is sintered and has become a ceramic material.